How widespread is Thyroid Disorders among Patients undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting? A Study from Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the most commonly performed cardiac procedure and thyroid disorders (hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism) are the most widespread endocrine diseases. Till date, there is no Indian study pertaining to prevalence of thyroid disorders among subjects undergoing CABG. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of thyroid disorders among subjects undergoing CABG in a tertiary care hospital. This is a prospective observational hospital-based study having 560 subjects who underwent CABG. Pre-operative thyroid tests were conducted of all the subjects. On the basis of this test, subjects were divided into groups, “Euthyroid” (normal thyroid status) and Thyroid subjects, that is, Subclinical Hypothyroidism (SCHypo), Overt Hypothyroidism (OVHypo), Subclinical Hyperthyroidism (SCHyper), and Overt Hyperthyroidism (OVHyper), based on thyroid function test. The proportion of the disorders was calculated. The study population included 560 subjects (Males: 457 females: 103). The overall prevalence of thyroid function abnormalities was 41.07%. The SCHypo was the most pervasive thyroid disorder (33.75%), followed by SCHyper (4.28%), OVHypo (2.32%), and OVHyper (0.7%). Highest number of thyroid subject (57.8%) was in 40–59 age group and lowest (0.86%) in 18–39. Thyroid was more prevalent among females (45/103) than in males (185/457). Among subjects undergoing CABG, SCHypo was most common followed by SCHyper, OVHypo, and OVHyper. Among the subjects undergoing CABG, maximum thyroid cases are in the age group of 60–79 with female preponderance.