Histopathological Variation in Testicular Biopsy Done for Primary Infertility Showing Azoospermia

Abstract

Male infertility contributes to 20% of all infertility cases. It is estimated that 1% of the total male population and 10% of men seeking infertility treatment are affected by testicular failure. In patients with azoospermia, testicular biopsy is important to study the histopathological patterns of the testes. Testicular biopsy specimen from patients with azoospermia from Sudha Medical College and Private diagnostic center from July 2022 to July 2025 were included in the present study. All were unilateral right testicular biopsies. The number of 26 cases of testicular biopsy of the right side was done to find out the etiology of infertility. All biopsies were collected in Boin’s fluid and studied for histopathological patterns and categorization by Johnson grading. The most common pattern was mixed pattern, which was followed by Sertoli cell-only syndrome. The study was done to know the variations in the histological patterns and subsequently to decide on treatment.