A review on prevalence, causes, preventions, and treatments of coronary artery disease

Abstract

Background: Coronary artery diseases (CAD) is a disorder of the heart and the blood vessels, which claimed 17.1 million lives a year
worldwide (World Health Organization, 2010). Men and women may develop CAD at the age of 40. Men were reported more prone to
get CAD than women. However, more women than men died from CAD. Coronary heart disease (CHD) was having the high prevalence
died rate in the US general population. In the United States of America (USA), for example, CAD is the leading cause of death in
adults, accounting for approximately one-third of all deaths in subjects over the age of 35-years. Atherosclerosis increases the risk of
getting CAD. Objective: To identify studies that report prevalence, causes, preventions, and treatments of coronary artery disease.
Design and data sources: Systematic review with searches in several articles related to prevalence, causes, prevention, and treatment
of CAD. Data were collected through interviews, clinical examinations, laboratory tests, electrocardiograms, previous medical history
of patients and Pose chest pain questionnaire. Results: The prevalence rate of Cad is high is various countries especially reported in
US. The primary cause of CAD is atherosclerosis. Primary and secondary prevention of Cad can be used to reduce CAD incidences.
Conclusion: CAD is the major public health problem worldwide. CAD is the leading cause of death in people. People must have the
awareness toward the causes and prevention of CAD. Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of the CAD. In most cases, patients with
ESRD have more than a 10-fold increased risk for CHD death per 1000 person-years than a patient with five Framingham risk factors
projected over time. Preventions and treatments that could be taken are primary and secondary prevention of CAD, medication,
and lifestyle changes, which includes following plant-based nutrition, exercise, drugs consumptions and cardiac catheterization.